CBSE Class 12 Biology Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQs

Question :  Rising of dough is due to

a) Production of CO₂

b) Emulsification

c) Hydrolysis of wheat flour starch into sugars

d) Multiplication of yeast

Answer :  A

Question :  An enzyme catalysing the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA is:

a) exonuclease

b) endonuclease

c) Hind - II

d) DNA ligase

Answer :  A

Question :  The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a vector like virus is termed as

a) Transduction

b) Conjugation

c) Transformation

d) Translation

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the given statement is correct in the context of observing DNA separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?

a) Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light

b) Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light

c) DNA can be seen without staining in visible light

d) DNA can be seen in visible light

Answer :  A

Question :  'Restriction' in Restriction enzyme refers to

a) Prevention of the multiplication of bacteriophage in bacteria

b) All of the above

c) Cutting of DNA at specific position only

d) Cleaving of phosphodiester bond in DNA by the enzyme

Answer :  PA

Question :  A recombinant DNA molecule can be produced in the absence of the following

a) E.coli

b) DNA fragments

c) DNA ligase

Answer :  A

Question :  In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their

a) Size only

b) Charge to size ratio

c) All of the above

d) Charge only

Answer :  A

Question :  The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is:

a) Origin of replication (ori)

b) Presence of a selectable marker

c) Presence of sites for restriction endonuclease

d) Its size

Answer :  A

Question :  Restriction enzymes were discovered by

a) Smith and Nathans

b) Smith and Nathans

c) Berg

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question :  Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA with

a) Endonuclease

b) Exonuclease

c) Ligase

d) Gyrase

Answer :  A

Question :  While isolating DNA from bacteria, which of the following enzymes is not used?

a) Deoxyribonuclease

b) Protease

c) Ribonuclease

d) Lysozyme

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the following has popularised the PCR (polymerase chain reactions)?

a) Availability of synthetic primers

b) Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides

c) Availability of 'Thermostable' DNA polymerase

d) Easy availability of DNA template

Answer :  A

Question :  An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of

a) Transformed cells

b) Recombinant cells

c) None of the above

d) Competent cells

Answer :  TA

Question :  Significance of 'heat shock' method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate

a) Expression of antibiotic resistance gene

b) Uptake of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall

c) Uptake of DNA through membrane transport proteins

d) Binding of DNA to the cell wall

Answer :  A

Question :  The role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule is

a) None of the above

b) Ligation of all purime and pyrimidine bases

c) Formation of hydrogen bonds between sticky ends of DNA fragments

d) Formation of phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments

Answer :  A

Question :   The first clinical application of gene therapy over a 4 year old girl was for

a) The first clinical application of gene therapy

b) Adenosine deficiency

c) Adenosine deficiency

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question :  Excision and insertion of a gene is called

a) Genetic engineering

b) Cytogenetics

c) Biotechnology

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question :  Which technique made it possible to genetically engineering living organisms

a) Recombinant DNA techniques

b) Recombinant DNA techniques

c) Hybridisation

d) X-ray diffraction

Answer :  A

Question :  There is a restriction endonuclease called EcoRI. What does 'co' part of it stands for

a) coli

b) Coenzyme

c) Coelom

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question : Bt cotton genes repel

a) Insect pest

b) Nematode parasites

c) Fungal pathogens

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the following bacteria is not a source of restriction endonuclease?

a) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

b) Escherichia coli

c) Haemophilus influenzae

d) Bacillius amyloli

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq polymerase in a PCR reaction?

a) Extension of primer end on the template DNA

b) All of the above

c) Annealing of primers to template DNA

d) Denaturation of template DNA

Answer :   A

Question :  A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be

a) Human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process

b) Amino acid codons for humans and bacteria are different

c) Human protein is formed but degraded by bacteria

d) All of the above

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?

a) A continuous culture system

b) Any of the above

c) A stirred-tank bioreactor without in-lets and out-lets

d) Laboratory flask of largest capacity

Answer :  A

Question :  Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize for the\ development of PCR technique?

a) Kary Mullis

b) Arthur Kornberg

c) Hargovind Khurana

d) Herbert Boyer

Answer :  A

Question :  Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzyme?

a) It is isolated from viruses

b) It produces the same kind of sticky ends in different DNA molecules

c) It is an endonuclease

d) It recognises a palindromic nucleotide sequence

Answer :  A

Question :  GMO technology is useful for

a) All the above

b) Making crop more tolerant to abiotic stresses

c) Making crop more tolerant to abiotic stresses

d) Enhancing nutritional value of food

Answer :  A

Question :  The genetic defect adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by

a) Introducing bone marrow cells producing (ADA) into cells at an early embryonic stages

b) None of these

c) Administrating adenosine deaminase activators

d) Enzyme replacement therapy 

Answer :  A

Question :  Which is obtained from genetic engineering

a) Golden Rice

b) Haemoglobin

c) Glucose

d) None of these

Answer :  A

Question :  The expression of a transgene in the target tissue is identified by a

a) Reporter

b) Enhancer

c) Promoter

d) Transgene

Answer :  A

Question : In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used         
a) To select healthy vectors
b) As sequences from where replication starts
c) To keep the cultures free of infection
d) As selectable markers
Answer :  D

Question : Which one of the following represents a pal- indromic sequence in DNA ? 
a) 5'-CCAATG-3' 3'-GAATCC-5'
b) 5'-CATTAG-3' 3'-GATAAC-5'
c) 5'-GATACC-3' 3'-CCTAAG-5'
d) 5'-GAATTC-3' 3'-CTTAAG-5'
Answer :  D

Question : What is it that forms the basis of DNA Fin- gerprinting ?             
a) The relative difference in the DNA occurrence in blood, skin and saliva
b) The relative amount of DNA in the ridges and grooves of the fingerprints
c) S ate llite DNA occur r ing a s highly repeated short DNA segments
d) The relative proportions of purines and pyrimidines in DNA
Answer :  C

Question : Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable for
a) Transformation of plant cells
b) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors
c) DNA finger printing
d) Disarming pathogen vectors
Answer :  A