Selina Concise Solutions for ICSE Class 7 History Civics Chapter 3 Directive Principles of State Policy

Important Terms

• Welfare State: A nation that makes sure its people have a good life. It gives everyone equal chances, jobs, and a fair share of wealth. In this kind of country, everyone gets treated fairly.
• Directive Principles of State Policy: These are rules or guides. Governments should follow these guides when they make laws to help the public.
• Special Needs: This means extra help that some people require due to physical or mental challenges.

I. Time To Learn

Question 1. Fill in the blanks:
1. Directive Principles are given in part IV of the Constitution of India.
2. The state shall endeavour to provide employment to every individual, is a Directive Principle concerned with Economic Equality.
3. The state shall work for the separation of the executive and judicial powers, is a Directive Principle concerned with administration.
4. Uniform system of civil and criminal laws in the country, is a Directive Principle under the law and justice.
5. There should be prohibition as to the use of intoxicating drinks and other drugs, is a Directive Principle concerned with principles relating to social equality and educational upliftment.
Answer:
1. IV
2. Economic Equality
3. administration
4. the law and justice
5. principles relating to social equality and educational upliftment
In simple words: This section shows the correct words that complete the sentences about the rules of our Constitution.

Exam Tip: Be sure to memorize which Part of the Constitution contains the Directive Principles, which is Part IV.

Question 2. Match the contents of Column A with those of Column B:

Answer:
1. Directive Principles - (c) are non-justiciable.
2. The judiciary - (d) should be separated from executive.
3. Children up to the age of 14 - (a) should be given free and compulsory education.
4. Code of conduct - (b) should be common and uniform for all sections of the society.
In simple words: This activity matches key legal guidelines to their correct characteristics or descriptions.

Exam Tip: Match the easiest pairs first, like separating the judiciary from the executive, to make the rest of the matching easier.

Question 3. Tick mark (✓) the correct statements and cross mark (X) the wrong ones:
1. That the institution of the Panchayati Raj is one of the Directive Principles related to Economic Equality.
2. That the state shall protect ancient monuments, is one of the Directive Principles pertaining to Social Equality and Educational Uplift.
3. That the state shall ensure equal pay for equal work, is one of the Directive Principles relating to Economic Equality.
4. That the state shall always favour and encourage international peace and security through diplomatic channels, is a Directive Principle of administrative importance.
5. Directive Principles get protection from the law courts
Answer:
1. X (False)
2. X (False)
3. X (False)
4. X (False)
5. X (False)
In simple words: All of the statements listed in this section are incorrect statements according to the rules of our Constitution.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to how specific Directive Principles are categorized, as they are often mismatched in true-false questions.

IV. Answer the following questions:

Question 4. What are "Directive Principles"? Why can Directive Principles not be ignored by a government even though they are not justiciable?
Answer: Directive Principles are helpful guidelines in the Indian Constitution. They tell our central and state governments how to make laws. The goal of these rules is to make life better for everyone and build a fair nation. Even though governments do not have to follow them by law, they cannot ignore them. This is because these rules represent the moral duty of the state and the wishes of the public. If a government fails to follow them, citizens can express their unhappiness during elections. These principles are not justiciable, meaning you cannot go to court if the government does not follow them. Unlike Fundamental Rights, there is no legal way to force the government to use them.
In simple words: Directive Principles are guides for the government to help people. You cannot go to court over them, but the government still has a moral duty to use them.

Exam Tip: Remember that Directive Principles are non-justiciable, which means they do not have legal backing, unlike Fundamental Rights.

Question 5. Why are Directive Principles important? Mention any five Directive Principles.
Answer: These principles are highly important because they help set up a fair society. They guide the state to create good social and financial conditions. This allows all citizens to live a happy and peaceful life. The primary goal is to build a helpful welfare state where everyone is treated equally.
The five main types of these principles are:
1. Rules to promote financial balance among people.
2. Rules to support social fairness and better schooling.
3. Rules for law, justice, and running the government.
4. Rules to encourage peace with other nations.
5. Various other mixed guidelines.
In simple words: These guidelines are key because they help create a happy and fair nation.

Exam Tip: When listing the five groups, make sure to memorize the core categories such as economic equality, social uplift, and international peace.

Question 6. Which Directive Principles relate to the establishment of a socialist society?
Answer: To help build a socialist society, the government must focus on the rules that promote economic equality among all citizens.
In simple words: Socialist goals are met by making sure money and resources are shared fairly.

Exam Tip: Associate the term 'socialist society' with 'economic equality' in your exams.

Question 7. Which directive Principle concerns the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?
Answer: The government helps Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes by giving them reserved jobs, special seats in politics, and lower fees for studies.
In simple words: The government reserves seats in jobs and schools to support backward communities.

Exam Tip: Note how reservations and fee waivers are used to bring about social upliftment.

Question 8. How do the Directive Principles of State Policy seek to promote internationalism?
Answer: The state works to build global friendship in several ways:
- It manages its relationships with other nations to keep things friendly and warm.
- It works hard to show deep respect for global laws.
- It always supports peace and safety around the world by talking out problems through diplomatic paths.
In simple words: India tries to be a good neighbor to all countries and follows global laws to maintain peace.

Exam Tip: Mention three key points: friendly ties, respect for international law, and peace through talks.

Question 9. What is the difference between the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy?
Answer: Difference between the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy:

In simple words: You can go to court to protect your Fundamental Rights, but you cannot do that for Directive Principles.

Exam Tip: Focus on the key difference: Fundamental Rights are legally enforceable (justiciable), while Directive Principles are not.

V. Write short notes on the following:

Question 10. Principles relating to economic equality.
Answer: These guidelines aim to build a socialist society where wealth is shared fairly:
1. The state must try to lower the gap between the rich and the poor so that money does not gather in just a few hands.
2. There should be no bias against women or men in school or at work. Both genders must receive the same wages for doing the same job.
3. Workplaces like factories and offices must be safe and clean so workers do not suffer. The state must protect children and babies from being used or harmed for money.
In simple words: These rules make sure that money is shared fairly, women and men are paid the same, and workers and children are kept safe.

Exam Tip: Under economic equality, always write about equal pay for equal work and saving children from exploitation.

Question 11. Principles pertaining to social equality and educational uplift.
Answer: These guidelines are often called Gandhian Principles:
1. The state must offer free and compulsory schooling for all kids until they turn 14.
2. Free medical care should be available to everyone in the community.
3. The state must stop any unfair treatment of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other poor communities.
4. The sale and use of alcohol, wine, and harmful drugs should be banned.
5. The state should try to create a single, common set of personal laws for all citizens.
In simple words: These principles focus on giving kids free schooling, helping poor communities, banning alcohol, and offering free healthcare.

Exam Tip: Note that these are based on the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi, focusing on education, health, and social welfare.

Question 12. Directive Principles help in the success of a democratic government?
Answer: These guidelines help a democracy succeed because they push the state to bring fairness into everyone's life. Even with limited money and resources, the state tries its best to apply them. Because these rules represent public opinion, no elected leader can safely ignore them. They also show the true goals and spirit written in the Preamble of our Constitution.
In simple words: These guidelines guide the government to work for the people, making democracy stronger.

Exam Tip: Mention that these principles reflect the goals of the Preamble and represent what the public wants.

A. Fill in the blanks:

Question 13. Fill in the blanks:
1. The guidelines which all governments are expected to follow for the welfare of the people are known as Directive Principles of State Policy.
2. The Directive Principles contain a list of important and basic economic and social rights which the farmers of the Constitution wanted every Indian to enjoy.
3. To establish economic equality in the country, the government is directed to ensure a fair and equal distribution of the wealth and material resources of the country.
4. The government is directed to promote cottage industries in villages and prohibit the slaughter of cows and other cattle according to the Gandhian principles.
5. Free and compulsory education for all children between 6 and 14 years has been made a Fundamental Right.
Answer:
1. guidelines / welfare
2. economic / social
3. fair / equal distribution / wealth / material resources
4. cottage / slaughter
5. education
In simple words: These blanks test your basic knowledge of the Directive Principles and how they help citizens.

Exam Tip: Double check spelling of key terms like "cottage" and "welfare" before writing them down.

B. Match the following:

Question 14. Match the following:

Answer:
1. Instructions to the government - (c) Directive Principles of State Policy
2. Adequate means of livelihood for all citizens - (e) Principles promoting economic equality
3. Establish village panchayats - (d) Gandhian Principles
4. Promote international peace and security - (b) General Principles
5. Free legal aid to needy citizens - (a) Promotion of justice
In simple words: This matching activity groups different state instructions under their correct names.

Exam Tip: Match the easiest options first, like "village panchayats" to "Gandhian Principles", to narrow down the remaining choices.

C. Choose the correct answer:

Question 15. Choose the correct answer:
1. After 200 years of foreign rule, the Indian economy was strong/stable/ruined.
2. The Directive Principles can be classified into three/ four/five
3. Some of the ideas of R. Ambedkar/Jawaharlal Nehru/Mahatma Gandhi were included as Directive Principles.
4. One of the Gandhian Principles/General Principles/ Principles promoting economic equality directs the government to prevent the consumption of liquor.
5. The Directive Principles ask the government to provide free legal aid/economic help/housing.
Answer:
1. ruined
2. three
3. Mahatma Gandhi
4. Gandhian Principles
5. free legal aid
In simple words: This section lets you choose the correct fact about our history, our leaders, and our laws.

Exam Tip: Banning alcohol is always classified as a Gandhian principle, while free legal aid is a general/justice principle.

D. State whether the following are true or false:

Question 16. State whether the following are true or false:
1. The farmers of our Constitution had a dream of a welfare state.
2. The provision of free and compulsory education to all children up to the age of 14 is a General Principle.
3. The Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy do not have the same purpose.
4. If you are deprived of your Fundamental Rights, you
5. can go to the High Court or the Supreme Court to seek protection and enforcement of your rights.
6. India has achieved the goal of a Welfare State.
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. False
In simple words: This section checks which facts about our national laws are true and which are false.

Exam Tip: Remember that India is still working towards becoming a complete Welfare State, so saying it has already achieved it is false.

E. Answer the following questions in one or two words/ sentences:

Question 17. Define a welfare state?
Answer: A welfare state is a nation that promises its citizens a clean standard of living. It offers equal chances, steady jobs, and a fair share of resources. In such a state, every person gets social and financial justice.
In simple words: A welfare state is a country that looks after the health, happiness, and jobs of all its people.

Exam Tip: Make sure to include keywords like 'equal opportunities', 'fair distribution of wealth', and 'social justice' in your definition.

Question 18. What are Directive Principles of State Policy?
Answer: These are special guidelines in our Constitution. All levels of government - central, state, and local - should follow them when making plans and laws for the welfare of the public.
In simple words: These are helpful rules that tell our governments how to take good care of the public.

Exam Tip: State clearly that these guidelines apply to all levels of government, including local bodies.

Question 19. Mention the categories into which Directive Principles can be, classified.
Answer: We can divide these principles into three main groups:
1. Guidelines that promote financial balance.
2. Gandhian guidelines that focus on social and economic growth.
3. General guidelines.
In simple words: The rules are grouped into three classes: economic, Gandhian, and general.

Exam Tip: Be ready to classify specific laws under one of these three main headings.

Question 20. Mention any one Directive Principle that seeks to promote economic equality between men and women.
Answer: 1. The wealth and resources of the nation must be shared in a fair and equal way.
2. Both men and women must receive equal pay for doing the same kind of work.
In simple words: Men and women must be paid the same amount of money for the same job.

Exam Tip: 'Equal pay for equal work' is the most direct principle promoting equality between genders.

Question 21. What is the significance of the Right to Education Act of 2009?
Answer: This Act makes free schooling a Fundamental Right for every Indian child aged 6 to 14. It also orders private schools to keep 25 percent of their seats for kids from poor families.
In simple words: This law gives every child between 6 and 14 the right to go to school, even if they are poor.

Exam Tip: Remember that the age group is 6 to 14 years, and private schools must reserve 25% of their seats.

Question 22. Why can you not seek justice in a court of law if the government does not give you a job?
Answer: These guidelines are non-justiciable. This means you cannot ask a court to force the government to give you a job or pay you certain wages.
In simple words: Since finding jobs for everyone is a general goal and not a strict legal right, you cannot sue the government over it.

Exam Tip: Use the word 'non-justiciable' to explain why these rules cannot be enforced by a judge.

F. Answer the following questions briefly:

Question 23. Why did the farmers of the Constitution not establish a welfare state in India in 1949? What steps did they take to help future governments to achieve the goal of a welfare state?
Answer: The founders of our nation wanted to build a welfare state. However, they could not do this in 1949 because India was newly independent. Two centuries of foreign rule had completely ruined the country's economy. Because of this lack of wealth, they could not provide everything right away. Instead, they wrote down a list of guidelines in the Constitution to help future leaders build a welfare state step-by-step.
In simple words: India was too poor in 1949 after British rule ended. So, the founders left behind guidelines to help future leaders slowly build a better nation.

Exam Tip: Explain both the cause (ruined economy after 200 years of foreign rule) and the solution (writing guidelines for future use).

Question 24. State one Directive Principle with regard to each of the following: (a) wealth and material resources (b) weaker sections of society (c) foreign affairs.
Answer:
(a) Wealth and material resources: The nation's wealth and assets must be shared fairly. They should be used to benefit all citizens, not just a few.
(b) Weaker sections of society: Every worker should get a living wage. This means earning enough money to buy food, clothes, and other basic needs.
(c) Foreign policy: The state must work to maintain peace globally. It must also build fair and respectful friendships with other countries.
In simple words: The state must share resources fairly, pay workers enough to live, and keep peaceful relations with other nations.

Exam Tip: Be ready to provide one clear example for each category requested in the question.

Question 25. Mention two Directive Principles with reference to each of the following: (a) Development of villages (b) Health
Answer:
(a) Development of villages:
1. Set up local village councils or panchayats.
2. Bring modern methods to farming and animal care.
(b) Health:
1. Raise the quality of food and overall health of the citizens.
2. Stop the use of alcohol and other dangerous drugs.
In simple words: The state must support villages with local councils and modern farming, while improving health by banning harmful drinks.

Exam Tip: Grouping principles under themes like 'villages' or 'health' is a common exam pattern, so remember these pairs.

Question 26. Mention the category under which the following principles are classified: (a) a decent standard of living and leisure (b) prevention of the slaughter of cows and other cattle (c) protection of the environment.
Answer:
(a) Guidelines for economic equality.
(b) Gandhian guidelines.
(c) General guidelines.
In simple words: These points belong to economic, Gandhian, and general groups of rules.

Exam Tip: Memorize the specific categories for common principles like protecting cows (Gandhian) and nature (General).

Question 27. Compare and contrast the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer: Fundamental Rights are justiciable. This means that if anyone takes away your rights, you can ask a court of law to protect them. In contrast, Directive Principles are non-justiciable. You cannot go to court if the state fails to provide a job or a fair wage.
In simple words: You can go to court to protect your Fundamental Rights, but you cannot do that for Directive Principles.

Exam Tip: Focus on the key difference: Fundamental Rights are legally enforceable (justiciable), while Directive Principles are not.

Question 28. Briefly discuss the efforts made by various governments to implement the Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer: Governments have taken several active steps to apply these rules. For example, they now offer free and compulsory schooling to all kids aged 6 to 14. They have also started welfare plans to help Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Additionally, many job programs have been launched, and a law has been passed to ensure that men and women get equal pay for equal work.
In simple words: Governments have created programs for free schooling, job security, and support for poorer communities to put these guidelines into action.

Exam Tip: Give real examples of implementation, such as free schooling for kids, equal pay laws, and welfare programs for backward classes.

G Picture study:

This is the picture of the Father of our Nation, who championed the cause of the poor and downtrodden people in India.

Question 29. Identify the person in the picture.
Answer: The person shown in the image is Mahatma Gandhi, who is known as the Father of our Nation.
In simple words: The picture is of Mahatma Gandhi.

Exam Tip: Spelling Mahatma Gandhi correctly is crucial for full marks.

Question 30. Mention any two of his ideas that were included in the Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer:
1. Offering free and compulsory schooling for kids until the age of 14.
2. Helping and growing small cottage industries in rural areas.
In simple words: Gandhi wanted free schooling for kids and support for small village businesses.

Exam Tip: Remember that cottage industries and basic education are two central pillars of Gandhian thoughts in our Constitution.

Question 31. What does the term Directive Principles of State Policy mean?
Answer: These are important constitutional guidelines. Governments are expected to follow them when making plans and laws to help the public.
In simple words: These are guides that show the government how to make life better for citizens.

Exam Tip: Define them simply as guidelines meant for the welfare of the public.

Question 32. Mention one important difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
Answer: The main difference is that Fundamental Rights are justiciable, meaning you can go to court to protect them. On the other hand, Directive Principles are non-justiciable, meaning you cannot go to court if the government does not provide them.
In simple words: You can sue to protect your Fundamental Rights, but you cannot sue over Directive Principles.

Exam Tip: Always use the legal terms 'justiciable' and 'non-justiciable' to highlight this difference clearly.